Woven fabric



(No Model.)

A. D. EMERY. WOVEN FABRIC.

N0. 415,141. Patented Nov. 12; 1889.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABRAM D. EMERY, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOVEN FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,141, dated November 12, 1889.

Application filed May 18, 1888. $eria1No. 274,256. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ABRAM D. EMERY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Taunton,in the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain 7 new and useful Improved Woven Fabric, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a plain one-ply woven fabric composed of a single set of chainthreads and two distinct weft-threads which cross the chain-threads in such a manner that each weft-thread occupies only a portion of each shedding, and which weft-threads are transferred to the next succeeding shedding at or near the center of the fabric, as more broadly set forth and claimed in an application filed by me February 28, 1888, Serial No. 265,581. In that application my invention was illustrated specifically by a fabric in which the weft-threads are transferred at the center of the fabric about a chain-thread, the weft-threads crossing each other, one over and one under that chain-thread, the position of the weft-threads of over and under being reversed at each transfer.

According to my present invention, which is a modification of the general invention in respect to the relation of the weft-threads to the chain-threads at the center, the weftthreads are transferred about two adjoining chain-threads, which are always between the weft-threads, the weft-threads crossing each other between these two chain-threads,forn1- ing a lock or cross separating the two chainthreads. According to this method of transferring, the weft-threads are alternately over and under the two chain-threads, and in crossing each other between the same are alternately over and under each other.

In the accompanying drawing, forming a portion of this specification, the figure is a plan view of a fabric embodying-my present invention, with the threads separated and enlarged. g

1 indicates one of the weft-threads, which is shown as shaded in color, and 2 indicates the otherweft-thread, which is shown as plain in color for the purpose of facilitating the description.

3 and 4 indicate the adjoining chain-threads at the center, which are always between the weft-threads in transferring, and between which the weft-threads cross each other as shown. The remaining chain-threads are arranged in the usual manner in sequences of two, passing alternately over and under the weft threads throughout the length and breadth of the fabric.

The fabric thus illustrated corresponds in all respects, except in the particulars hereinbefore mentioned, with the fabric illustrated and described in the application before referred to.

The threads are disposed, generally speaking, in the following manner: Each pick is made up of two distinct weft-threads, one of which fills one half of the path in any given shedding and the other the other half. Thus the first pick shown in the lower half of the figure is composed of the shaded thread 1 on the right and the plain thread 2 on the left hand side of the center. The next pick is composed of the same two threads, occupying adjoining portions of the shedding, asbefore,

but placed in opposite parts of the fabric by reason of having passed by each other at the center. The third pick is likewise made up of the same two threads placed in the same parts of the fabric as in the second pick. In the fourth pick the threads pass each other again at the center and cross-over to opposite parts of the fabric, as in the first pick de scribed. At the fifth pick the threads are all disposed in all respects the same as in the first pick, the sequence being completed every fourth pick.

The fabric is composed of a set of chainthreads and two weft-threads, which occupy contiguous parts of each shedding in opposite parts of the fabric, and in which the threads occupy the same relative positions in the fabric for two successive picksthat is to say, the two weft-threads will lie on the righthand and left-hand side, respectively, of the center of the'fabric for two sheddings or,

picks, and will then exchange positions for two successive picks, and then exchange back into their original position in the fabric for two successive picks, and so on. Each weftthread will thus make two passages through one half of the fabric, and then two passages through the opposite half of the fabric, each pick being through a succeeding shedding. From this description it will be apparent that the weft-threads are arranged in sequences of fourthat is to say, each weft-thread will return to its original position every fifth shedding, and the weft-threads are always oppositely placed, so that when one is on the left of the center the other is on the right of the center, and the threads reverse their positions in this respect every two picks. Furthermore, the threads in being transferred at the center pass one over and one under the two adjoining chain-threads 3 and a, and at the same time the weftthreads cross each other between these adjoining chaiirthreads, one passing over and the other under, forming a lock or cross between and separating the threads and 4. Thus in the first transfer (shown in the lower part of the figure) the thread 1. passes over the chain-threads and 4- and crosses under the plain thread 2, between the two threads, at the same time that the plain thread 2 passes under the two chain-threads 3 and 4, crossing over the shaded thread 1, between the two chain-thremls, forming a lock or cross, as shown. At the next transfer the position of the threads'is reversed in both respects that is to say, the plain thread 2 now passes over the chain-threads and at, crossing under the shaded thread 1, between the chainthreads, and the shaded thread 1 passes under the two chain-threads 3 and 4, at the same time crossing over the plain thread 2 between the same. The next transfer shown is a re production of the first in all respects, so that the sequence of the weft-threads is completed in all respects every four picks. It will be evident from this description that the weftt-hread which passes over the two chainthreads in transferring will cross under the other weft-thread between the two chainthreads, and the weft-thread which passes under the two chain-threads will cross over the other weft-thread, this disposition of the threads forming a lock or bight of the weftthreads in. the center of the fabric. Regarding the threads as approaching the center in the first pick shown, receding from it in the second pick, approaching it in the third pick, and so on, it will be evident that the thread approaching the center of the fabric from the right always passes over the two chain-threads at the center and under the other weft-thread, while the weft-thread approaching the center from the left always passes under the two chain-threads at the center and over the other weft-thread, so that the thread entering from either side always crosses in the same manner and direction the thread entering from fabric maybe considered as completed every second pick, the third and fourth being different from the first and second only in the Substitution of one weft-thread for the other in the fabric, these threads crossing each other in other respects in the same manner.

It will of course be understood that my invention is not limited to fabrics in which the weft threads are transferred and crossed about the center chain-threads. This is the usual and convenient form, made by running the loom to its full capacity; but, as explained in the applications filed by me February 28, 1888, Serial No. 265,631), and May 18, 1888, Serial No. 27 4,259, two parts of the fabric may be of unequal breadth, my invention in this respect consisting, as described, of transferring the weft-threads into a succeeding shedding at a point between the two selvageedges.

lhe fabric herein described is made by the methods of operation described and claimed in my applications, Serial No. 265,639, filed February 28, 1.888, and Serial No. 274,259,- filed May 18, 1888, and I make no claim in this application to such method of manufacture.

What I claim as my invention is 1. As a new article of manufacture,a plain oneply fabric composed of a single set of chain-threads and two distinct \veft threads transferred at or near the center of the fabric from one pick into a succeeding pick and into opposite positions in the fabric, passing over and under two adjoining chain-threads-alternately and crossing each other between said chain-threads.

2. As a new article of manufacture, aplain one-ply fabric composed of a single set of chain-threads and two distinct weft-threads transferred at or near the center of the fabric from one pick into a succeeding pick and into opposite positions in the fabric and passing over and under, respectively, two adjoining chain threads at the center, crossing each other between said chain-threads, the weftthread which passes over the chain-threads crossing under the other weft-thread, and vice versa.

As a new article of manufacture, aplain one-ply fabric composed of a single set of chain-threads and two distinct weft-threads transferred at or near the center of the fabric from one pick. into a succeeding pick and into opposite positions in the fabric, the weftthread which approaches the center from one side of the fabric always passing over two adjoining chain-threads at or near the center and under the other weft-thread at a point between the two adjoining chain-threads, and the weft-thread which approaches the center from the opposite side being oppositely placed in these respects.

Signed at TLLll1llO11,lll the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, this 12th day of March, A. l). 1888.

ABRAM D. EMERY.

\Vitnesses:

HENRY J. FULLER, WALTER 'l. EMERY. 

